of albuquerque



I Patented @ct. 15,1929

UNITED ROBERT GRAHAM mEwBoRNE, F ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO, ASSIGNOR r0 consum- Ens cronnoco COMPANY, or ALBUQUEBQUE,NEW MEXICO, A conronnrron on DELAWARE PARASITICIDE AND PRQtiESS 01?,MAKING THE No Drawing. Application filed October 23, 195155, Serial No. 64,481. Renewed August 8 1% 7.

This invention relates to a parasiticide and process of manufacturing the same. More particularly my invention relates to a parasiticide involving nicotine as the dominant 5 toxic agent or poison and having utility in the treatment of animals such as cattle, sheep or thelike which are subject to a particular COIifflglOLlS itch parasite such as scabies or tic s.

This treatment is most effectually practised by dipping or causin the. animal to swim through a bath containing the parasiticide compound in specially arranged wading or dipping pools through which the-animals are forced to swim, wade or otherwise compelled to .expose themselves to a complete submersion.

Of recent years, the importance of the treatment of cattle passing in interstate commerce 0 has reached the stage Where it has been found absolutely necessary to be imposed and regulated by the U. S. Department of Agriculture,

cattle, sheep and-the like from one State to another. Of the permitted dips which have gained any favor, are the lime-sulphur dips and the nicotine dips.

Where I have tried to usethe lime-sulphur dips in order to obtain a concentration which will in any way be effective upon the animal to be treated, I have found that for the proper dilution even where I have used the most concentrated prepared liquids, the quantity required makes the use of prepared liqulds 5 almost prohibitive by reason of the increase in cost of freight rates, the efl'ective dilution usually being that of one part of prepared liquid to fifteen of water.

Any attempts to avoid the increase in cost 40 by reason of the added freight rates by the preparation on the job of a sulphur and lime have equally been found objectionable due .to the uncertainty in strength of the composition that maybe prepared by reason of the varying quality of the com onent 1ngredients which are used to ma e up the batch.

Of the nicotine parasiticides heretofore used, the onl forms of any nnportance which 60 have found t air wayon the market, with any before permitting transportation of.

This product is usually put up as a 40% solution considerably heavier than water and because of its concentrated highly ppisonous character, requires dilution to a considerable extent in order to prevent poisoning of the sheep or cattle which pass therethrough, at the same time it is still required that the bath retain the strength necessary to be effective as a parasiticide.' The use of this form of nicotine leavesa very narrow limiting range and requires careful attention and regulation in order to have the nicotine of suflicient strength to serve its intended purpose and to control it within limits where it will not poison the. cattle. To this extent, the use of this product lacks fool-p oofness.

There is further the rat er obvious objecttion to the material thus placed on the market, in that it requires the added care and attention necessary in the handling of compounds in fluid condition.

The nicotine compounds hitherto used, found objectionable because of their physical characterlstics, are in no measure for practical purposes compensated by their chemical char- V acteristics and the materials though of relatively high purity in nicotine content, lack those components present in the original plant which have been determined not only to have bactericidal qualities but curative properties and value'when applied to the animal infected by the parasites causing skin itch as a result of scabies or ticks. The nicotine products have also failed td cope with the difliculties arising when use-is attempted to be made by dilution in Water particularly where the water used is of the hard variety eithertemporary or permanent, and to this extent, no nicotine dip has yet been provided which has served to properly wet the animal dipped, or which to most effectively treat the animal, has the nicotine solution absorbed to thoroughly distribute its parasiti-- cidal value. On the contrary in the majority of cases, the water used is of the hard character and the dip gathers upon the animal coat in le g dro s, failing utterly a;

saturate the infected areas and impart any curative effects.

Where I have attempted to overcome the difficulties of prepared nicotine products, by the use .of natural tobacco material, I have further found the same objectionable because of theinability to obtain uniformity of results, due to the uncertain and variable nicostorage as to its essential property.

"found that by adding an I have found that by maintaining tobacco material in a condition so as to deprive it of its inherent moisture content, the nicotine content is made available, as for instance, for a dipping compound having certainty of strength after long periods of storage. I have still further found that by intimately mixing an absorbent with tobacco material Whose nicotine content has been ascertained, I can obtain a product whose nicotine content will be constant after prolonged periods of storage and when added to any vehicle as in a cattle dipping bath, the dilution will be ac cording to predetermined calculations. Still further, I have found that by adding to tobacco material, an absorbent having slight alkaline properties, it will serve to retain constant the nicotine content of the tobacco material, and when added to a dipping bath using hard water, will serve to make the nicotine more readily active, simultaneously imparting wetting properties with respect to the animal to softening. the water. I have still further absorbent to tobacco material that I may keep constant its nicotine content and that by adding predetermined quantities of such absorbent proportional to its original nicotine content, I may obtain a bulky material having a fixed available nicotine content and which will form a definite strength dilution as for instance where it is used for making up a cattle dipping bath. a

.My invention, therefore, has for its object the provision of a tobacco material, including an agent in the nature of an absorbent to withdraw sufficient of the natural moisture of the tobacco to prevent deterioration or converslon of the nicotine content the provision of a c0mposition comprising tobacco material including an absorbent; the provision of a composltion comprising tobacco material includingan agent to prevent atmospheric moisture absorption by the tobacco material; the provision of a composition including a tobacco material and including a waterso-ftening agent; the provision of a composition including a be treated in the dipping bath bythe addition of a substantially dry agent; the

provision of a nicotine dip made up b the addition to a water bath of a dry to acco material; the provision of a" nicotine dip made up by the addition to a water bath of a dry tobacco material whose nicotine content will remain constant throughout long periods of storage; the provision of a nicotine dip containing a water softening agent; the provision of a cattle dip made by the addition of a tobacco material and an absorbent; the provision of a cattle dip made by the addition of a tobacco material and an alkaline agent to a water bath; the provision of a cattle dip made by the addition to Water of a tobacco material and'bentonite as a water softening agent; the provision of a cattle dip including tobacco material and a water softening agent serving to facilitatethe ready liberation of the nicotine content of the tobacco material; the provision of a cattle dip composition in which all the essential constituents of tobacco material are made available in combination with the nicotine content thereof.

My invention still further has for its object the provision of a cattle dip composition including tobacco material and a carrier material, so that a predetermined quantity of the mixture per unitvolume of Water will always give a substantially definite percentage strength nicotine bath.

My invention still further has for its obect the provision of a process of treatingtoacco material so as to conserve the nicotlne content thereof against deterioration; the provision of a process of treating tobacco material so as to conserve the nicotine content thereof against deterioration by the absorption of the moisture content thereof; the provision of a process of treating tobacco material so as to conserve the nicotine content thereof against deterioration by intimately grinding therewith an absorbent material.

To attain these objects and such further objects as may appear or be hereinafter pointed out, illustrative procedure will follow.

I have found that I can procure a compound having available nicotine in predetermined quantities and unaffected after prolon ed. storage by mixing tobacco material, eit 'er' the leaves, stalks, roots or other arts thereof, with an absorbent capable pre erably' of absorbing the moisture content thereof. Preferably, these ingredients 'areintimately terial with a clayey or argillaceous material such as bentonite.

- As an example for producing a composition suitable for producing a cattle dip, I mix 60 lbs. of finely ground tobacco containing about 10% of nicotine and 40 lbs. finely ground bentonite.

This mixture I can market as 6% nicotine cattle and sheep dip. In storage the bentonite will protect the tobacco materlal against the reabsorption of moisture and so prevent any possible sweating and consequent decomposition and conversion of the nicotine.

It will be observed that when a mixture of the above nature is added to water, the bentonite acts effectively to aid the wetting process of the cattle dipped, particularly where the water'used is of the hard variety.

However, though 'I have described as my preferred absorbent or water softener, the material such as bentonite, other absorbents may be used such as tripoli, glauconite, clay preferably the plastic variety), feldspar,

zeolites such as 'Permutit, soda ash, soaps or combinations of soda ash and lime. It will befobserve'd that though absorbents are used, those having slight alkaline characteristics are preferable.

However, where the added absorbent is alkaline in character and likely to absorb atmospheric moisture in the dry product, tending to slowly liberate nicotine, I prefer to add dominant proportions of the inert absorbents in combination therewith, giving a mixture having the necessary water softening qualities at the same time protecting the nicotine against deteribration and liberation.

Where there is encountered bothtemporary and permanent hard water combinations 0 the above ingredients may be used. In the above-cited example it will be understood that when working with a 10% nicotine tobacco, and it is desired to produce a 6% nicotine, the proportions are as indicated;

However, as the nicotine content varies, to obtaln a standard product, that {for example 6%, the amount of absorbent or carrier will be diminished whereas with a. higher nicotine tobacco, the amountof absorbent will be increased.

.For purposes of renderin the nicotine of the tobacco material availab e and more reactive and for purposes. of preventing its decomposition and deterioration by conversion, I have found that I may use as low as 1% of the inert absorbentssuch as tripoli or ben- 't-onitewhich is preferably combined with the tobacco material to coat the particles thereof.

Other variations will be in accordance with the strength it is desired to give the batch so far as available nicotine is concerned.

In accordance with my invention in preparing a dip having a nicotine content as required by the Government regulations within limits of .05 to .07 nicotine, I may, where I use about a 10% nicotine tobacco material, make use of a batch of 60 lbs. tobacco material 40 lbs. of absorbent such as bentonite or the like. By the addition of 100 lbs. of such a batch to 1,000 gallons of water, -I obtain quickly a dipping bath within the limits efiective as a parasiticide and yet insufficiently poisonous if imbibed by the animals. Thus, it will be observed that 100 lbs. of a mixture of 7 5 parts (about 8% nicotine) tobacco material and 25 parts of the carrier which may include an absorbent 'gallonsptt water to rocure a dip within the regulations of the nited States Bureau of Animal Industry, as to strength, which is similar to State regulations.

' Also, it will be observed that if any other percentage strength nicotine composition is desired, the absorbent is added in accordance with the determination of the nicotine content of the raw material. However, it will be noted that once a batch is made in accordance with my proeess above outlined, the atmospheric moisture in' combination with catalytic agents, organisms or bacteria, will not break down the nicotine, but the mixture will preserve its strength as to nicotine content, Also, the tobacco material in its entirety will be;made availablefor its parasiticidal values.

The batch so made has particular value as a dipping composition as where the mixture is dry, the method of storage and transportation is comparatively simple, while by reason of its bulk, it is comparatively fool-proof in preparing a' bath of fixed predeterm ned strength, whereby great accuracy is accomplishedwith; great ease'of operation.

, Havingft'hus described my inVentiOn' -and illustrated-its. use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A new composition of matter compriswhen water is added, nico- 2. As a new compositionof matter, a prod-- not containing nicotine and an absorbent therefor, servin to act as a water softening a nt, when a mixed withwater whereby.

w en the water is added nicotine is released. 3. As a. new composition of matter, a product containing nicotine and'bentonite.

4. A new composition of mattter stantially dry form comprising a tobacco product and an absorbent, the absorbent containing nicotine and aqueous constituents, said absorbent having an alkaline characteristic when admixed with water, whereby when the water is added, nicotine is released.

5. As a new composition of matter, a dry product containing nicotine and bentonite.

6. As a new composition of matter, a dry tobacco material and a pulverulent absorbent for the-nicotine whereby the productwill retain the nicotine content of said tobacco in storage. I

7. As a new composition of matter, adry tobacco material having substantially the inherent moisture content thereof absorbed in bentonite and admixed therewith.

8. As a new composition of matter, a tobacco material having the inherent moisture thereof absorbed and commingled with an alkaline agent and an inert carrier and forming a dry pulverulent mass.

9. A parasiticide composition for dipping purposes containing nicotine and an alkaline material adapted to slowly liberate free nicotine when acted upon by water and a normally pulverulent material to protect said first mentioned composition against loss of nicotine in storage.

10. A dr sition for ipping purposes containing nicotine andan alkali and a coating material 11. A parasiticide composition comprising tobacco material and a ulyerulent carrier compound capable of s owly liberating alkali when acted upon by water.

12. A pulverulent composition of matter adapted to be used as a parasiticide including tobacco material and a pulverulentabsorbent serving to preserve the nicotine content of the tobacco against deterioration in storage so that a predetermined quantity will'give a definite dilution of nlcotine per unit quantity of water.

13. A pulverulent composition of matter adapted to be used as a parasiticide mcluding tobacco material and a pulverulent absorbent ground therewith.

.14. The process of producin a drycom position of matter adapted to be used as a parasiticide including tobacco material having prolonged keeping qualitieswhich comprises dehydrating a tobacco material without substantial loss of the nicotine content by adding an absorbent capable of preserving the nicotine content of said tobacco materia 15. The process of producing a dry composition of matter adapted to be used as a parasiticide including tobacco material having prolonged keepin qualities in storage 'whic comprises dehy rating the water content of the tobacco by grinding bentonite therewith. v

pulverulent parasiticide compocomprising bentonite for the particles there-' 16. A dipping bath for animals containing water, a nicotine compound, a material con taming an alkali which will react with the nicotine compound and slowly liberate free L nicotine.

17. A dipping bath for animals containing water, a tobacco material, a material-'containing an alkali which will react with the tobacco material and slowly liberate free nicotine. I

18. A dlpping bath for animals containmg water, a tobacco material, a maternal containing an alkali which will react with the tobacco and slowly facilitate Wetting. I

19. A dipping bath for animals containing water, a tobacco material and bentonite whereby nicotine will be slowly liberated and wettin will be facilitated.

20. As a new composition of matter, a mix- I liberate free nicotine, and 

